Emerging Functions of Neuromodulation during Sleep
Summary
This review discusses how norepinephrine, dopamine, and acetylcholine orchestrate brain oscillatory activity, control sleep architecture and microarchitecture, regulate responsiveness to sensory stimuli, and facilitate memory consolidation during sleep. The review highlights how neuromodulator effects are shaped by the synaptic milieu and organismal state, offering unique computational opportunities during different sleep substates.
Why it matters
Understanding neuromodulatory dynamics during sleep is essential for developing targeted sleep therapeutics. This review provides a comprehensive framework for how different neuromodulatory systems affect sleep states and memory consolidation, informing the design of neuromodulation-based interventions for sleep disorders and conditions where sleep disruption is a comorbidity.
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