Noninvasive closed-loop acoustic brain-computer interface for seizure control

Summary

This study develops a novel noninvasive closed-loop acoustic brain-computer interface (aBCI) that decodes seizure onset from EEG signals and triggers ultrasound stimulation of the vagus nerve to terminate seizures. In a rat model of epilepsy, the system selectively activated mechanosensitive neurons in the nodose ganglion while suppressing neuronal excitability in the hippocampus and amygdala, stopping seizures rapidly upon stimulation.